Max : Cohen-Scali, Sarah, 1958- author : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
Max by Sarah Cohen-Scali: A Powerful and Disturbing Novel about Nazi Eugenics
Introduction
If you are looking for a novel that will shock you, move you, and make you think, then Max by Sarah Cohen-Scali might be the one for you. Max is a historical fiction novel that tells the story of a boy who was conceived and raised as part of the Nazi eugenics program during World War II. The novel explores the themes of identity, morality, and humanity through the eyes of a young protagonist who is both a victim and a perpetrator of Nazi atrocities.
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What is Max about?
Max is the name of the main character and narrator of the novel. He was born on April 20, 1936, the same day as Adolf Hitler's birthday. He was taken away from his birth mother as soon as he entered the world. He will be raised under the leadership and ideologies of the Nazi Party. As he grows up without a mom, without any affection or tenderness, according to Nazi educational precepts, he soon becomes the mascot of the program that created him: the Lebensborn.
The Lebensborn was a real project initiated by Heinrich Himmler, the head of the SS, in 1935. Its aim was to produce a pure Aryan race by encouraging SS officers to mate with selected German women, or by kidnapping and Germanizing children from occupied territories. The children born or selected for this program were given new names, new identities, and new destinies. They were supposed to become the future leaders of the Third Reich.
Max is one of these children. He is proud of his origins, his appearance, and his role. He believes he is superior to other people, especially Jews, Slavs, and Gypsies. He is loyal to Hitler, whom he considers his father figure. He is ready to fight and die for his Führer and his country. But everything changes when he meets Lukas, a Polish boy who has a secret that will challenge Max's worldview.
Who is Sarah Cohen-Scali?
Sarah Cohen-Scali is a French writer who was born in 1958 in Morocco. She has written more than 20 books for children and young adults, covering various genres such as fantasy, thriller, historical fiction, and horror. She has received several awards for her work, including the Prix Sorcières in 2013 for Max.
Cohen-Scali was inspired to write Max after watching a documentary about the Lebensborn program. She was fascinated by the fate of these children who were manipulated and brainwashed by the Nazis. She decided to write a novel from the perspective of one of them, to show how they were both victims and executioners. She spent three years researching and writing the novel, which was originally published in French in 2012.
Why is Max important?
Max is an important novel because it sheds light on a dark and lesser-known aspect of Nazi history. The Lebensborn program was a massive and systematic violation of human rights and dignity, affecting thousands of children and families across Europe. The novel exposes the cruelty and absurdity of the Nazi ideology of eugenics, which aimed to create a master race by eliminating or assimilating those who were deemed inferior or undesirable.
Max is also an important novel because it challenges the reader's empathy and morality. The novel does not shy away from depicting the horrors of war, the brutality of the Nazis, and the suffering of their victims. But it also shows the complexity and ambiguity of human nature, by presenting a protagonist who is not easy to categorize as good or evil. Max is a product of his environment, a child who has been taught to hate and kill, but who also has feelings and doubts. The novel invites the reader to question their own prejudices, values, and choices, and to reflect on what it means to be human.
Main Body
How does Max portray the Nazi ideology of eugenics?
The Lebensborn program
One of the main ways that Max portrays the Nazi ideology of eugenics is by showing the workings and effects of the Lebensborn program. The novel reveals how the program was designed to select, breed, and educate children who met the criteria of the Aryan race, such as blond hair, blue eyes, fair skin, and good health. The novel also shows how the program involved kidnapping children from other countries, especially Poland and Norway, and erasing their original identities and cultures.
The novel illustrates how the Lebensborn program was based on a pseudoscientific and racist theory that claimed that biological traits determined one's personality, intelligence, and morality. The novel also demonstrates how the program was part of a larger plan to expand the German population and territory, and to exterminate or enslave those who did not fit into the Nazi vision of a pure and superior race.
The indoctrination of Max
Another way that Max portrays the Nazi ideology of eugenics is by showing the indoctrination of Max by his caregivers, teachers, and peers. The novel depicts how Max was raised in a strict and harsh environment, where he was constantly exposed to propaganda, violence, and discipline. The novel portrays how Max was taught to obey orders without question, to respect authority without criticism, and to follow rules without exception.
The novel also depicts how Max was indoctrinated to believe that he was special, that he belonged to a superior race, that he had a mission to fulfill for Hitler and Germany. The novel portrays how Max was indoctrinated to hate and fear those who were different from him, especially Jews, Slavs, and Gypsies. The novel portrays how Max was indoctrinated to view life as a struggle for survival, where only the strongest and fittest deserved to live.
The contrast between Max and Lukas
A third way that Max portrays the Nazi ideology of eugenics is by showing the contrast between Max and Lukas. Lukas is a Polish boy who was kidnapped by the Nazis when he was four years old. He was selected for the Lebensborn program because he had blond hair and blue eyes, but he also had a secret that made him different from Max: he was Jewish.
The novel shows how Lukas managed to keep his secret for years, by hiding his circumcision scar with a bandage. He also managed to keep his memories of his family, his language, and his religion. He never accepted the Nazi ideology or identity that was imposed on him. He always resisted and rebelled against his captors, even if it meant risking his life.
The novel shows how Max and Lukas met when they were both 10 years old, at a Lebensborn home in Poland. They became friends, but they also became rivals. They competed for everything: food, toys, attention, grades, honors. They also competed for their own identities: Max wanted to prove that he was a perfect Aryan specimen, while Lukas wanted to prove that he was not.
Q: What is the genre and target audience of the book?
A: The book is a historical fiction novel that is aimed at young adult readers, but can also be enjoyed by adult readers who are interested in history, psychology, ethics, and literature.
Q: How did the author research and write the book?
A: The author spent three years researching and writing the book. She consulted various sources such as books, articles, documentaries, testimonies, archives, etc. She also visited some of the places where the story takes place, such as Germany, Poland, and France. She also interviewed some of the survivors of the Lebensborn program and their descendants.
Q: How did the book receive critical and public acclaim?
A: The book received critical and public acclaim both in France and abroad. It won several awards such as the Prix Sorcières in 2013, the Batchelder Award in 2017, and the Prix des Incorruptibles in 2018. It also received positive reviews from critics and readers who praised its originality, creativity, accuracy, authenticity, provocation, challenge, emotion, and message.
Q: What are some of the themes and messages of the book?
A: The book explores various themes and messages such as identity, morality, humanity, racism, discrimination, genocide, human rights, identity, morality, humanity. Some of the messages of the book are: We are not defined by our genes or our environment, but by our choices and actions. We are not bound by our past or our present, but by our future and our potential. We are not alone or isolated, but connected and interdependent. We are not enemies or rivals, but friends and allies.
Q: What are some of the challenges and benefits of reading the book?
A: The book poses some challenges and benefits for the reader. Some of the challenges are: The book is graphic, violent, and disturbing. The book is controversial, sensitive, and offensive. The book is complex, ambiguous, and confusing. The book is long, dense, and demanding. The book is depressing, pessimistic, and hopeless.
Some of the benefits are: The book is well-written, engaging, and captivating. The book is original, creative, and innovative. The book is informative, educational, and enlightening. The book is provocative, challenging, and stimulating. The book is emotional, moving, and touching.
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